01. Marriage Commands (1 Corinthians 7:10-13)
**o 1 Corinthians 7:10 And** is the Greek conjunction δέ (ĕ), connects us back to 1 Cor 7:1-9.
o unto the married is γαμέω (ĕō) from ámos, marriage* *(cf. 1 Corinthians 7:9).
o I command is παραγγέλλω (ĕllō) from á, *to the side of* and ággelos, messenger, meaning to hand a proclamation from one to another. ággelos is translated as angel in 1 Corinthians 4:9; 1 Corinthians 6:3; 1 Corinthians 11:10; 1 Corinthians 13:1).
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o not** is οὐ (ŏu) meaning no, not; expressing complete and full negation.
o The command from the Lord: Let not the wife depart from her husband
o not is μή (ē) a conditional negation and it means that this decision is to not take place because of feelings, it's not to be an emotional response.
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o wife is γυνή (ē) which literally means woman, as there is no Greek word specific for wife, so it is implied in context (cf. 7x in 1 Corinthians 5:1; 1 Corinthians 7:1--4**).
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o depart** is χωρίζω (chorizo) from ōrís, without, which means to sever, to pull apart.
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o husband** is ἀνήρ (ēr) literally means male, translated as husband based on context.
o Paul writes that the woman should not sever, to pull apart from her man (cf. Matthew 19:5--9;
Mark 10:11--12; Luke 16:18).
o 1 Corinthians 7:11 But and if in Greek is 3 conjunctions in a row (εαν δε και) and found 5 times in the Greek Scriptures (Matthew 18:17; Luke 22:68; 1 Corinthians 7:28; 2 Timothy 2:5). Each time these conjunctions are used as a conditional statement.
**o let her remain** (verb, present, active, imperative, 3P, 1B) is μένω (ĕnō) the usual word for abide, to dwell (cf. 1 Corinthians 3:14; 1 Corinthians 7:8; John 15:4).
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o unmarried** is ἄγαμος (ŏs), from the Greek prefix of a, negator and ámos, married. This Greek noun is found only 4 times in the Greek Scriptures (1 Corinthians 7:8; 7:32; 7:34).
o be reconciled is καταλλάσσω (ō) is from á, as a prefix in the Greek is the ultimate intensifier, and állos, *other, another*, thus it means to change, to reconcile. This Greek verb is only found 6x in 5vss in the Greek Scriptures (Romans 5:10 (2x); 2 Corinthians 5:18-20), and here is the only occurrence where it is not God reconciling to mankind.
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o καταλλάσσω (ō) is only used when the fault lies in one party, whereas διαλλάσσω (ō) is used to *describe a quarrel where both parties are at fault* and found only once in the Greek Scriptures (Matthew 5:24). Here καταλλάσσω is used in marital relationships.
o Paul writes that if a woman, without the fault of the man were to leave, she is to either remain unmarried, or be reconciled to her husband.
o put away is ἀφίημι (ēmi), meaning *to send away* (cf. Matthew 13:36).
o Paul writes that if the woman returns, the man is to take her back, and not to then retaliate towards her because of her leaving, not to continue to hold it against her. Forgiveness is a mark of positive and strong relationships, which is what Paul is encouraging that here.
o The NKJV, as well as the Critical Text (ESV, NASB, NIV), all translate ἀφίημι (ēmi) as divorce. If Paul, under the inspiration of God (2 Timothy 3:16) had wanted to use the Greek verb for divorce, he would have used ἀποστάσιον (ŏstasiŏn), and all 3x this word is used it is translated as divorce (Matthew 5:31; Matthew 19:7; Mark 10:4).
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o Paul states that if a wife** willingly chooses to leave her husband, who is not guilty of fornication (1 Corinthians 7:1--7), she is not to remarry, or to be reconciled which is preferred. When she does go back, the husband is not to hold it over her, but instead to forgive and work on repairing their relationship.
o 1 Corinthians 7:12 is λέγω (ĕgō) originally *meant to lay or allow to lie down for sleep. It then morphed into collecting and laying out words in your mind to speak* (1 Corinthians 7:6, 8).
o believeth not is ἄπιστος (ŏs), one who does not believe.
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o be pleased** is συνευδοκέω (ĕudŏkĕō), from ún, *together with*, and ú, well, good, and éō, to think, thus it means to think good together.
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o to dwell** is οἰκέω (ŏikĕō), from íkos, *a dwelling, house*. Paul is stating that if both agree then they are to dwell with each other.
o Paul writes that he recommends that if one has an unbelieving wife, and that if they can mutually agree, that they are to remain married (cf. Matthew 19:5-6).
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o 1 Corinthians 7:13 In the Greek, this phrase of which hath an husband that believeth not**, implies that this is a parenthetical thought of Paul's.
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o Paul writes that he recommends that if one has an unbelieving husband, and that if they can mutually agree, that they are to remain married (cf. Matthew 19:5-6).
